Xenon Xe 129 Hyperpolarized
FDA Drug Information • Also known as: Xenoview
- Brand Names
- Xenoview
- Drug Class
- Hyperpolarized Contrast Agent [EPC]
- Route
- RESPIRATORY (INHALATION)
- Dosage Form
- GAS
- Product Type
- HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Description
11 DESCRIPTION XENOVIEW (xenon Xe 129 hyperpolarized) is a hyperpolarized contrast agent produced on site by the HPX Hyperpolarization System from the isotopically enriched Xenon Xe 129 Gas Blend. The Gas Blend cylinder distributed by Polarean contains xenon (1% total; > 80% isotopic purity Xe 129), nitrogen, NF (10%), and helium, NF (89%). The active pharmaceutical ingredient in XENOVIEW is hyperpolarized xenon Xe 129. Hyperpolarized xenon Xe 129 is chemically identical to non-polarized xenon Xe 129. Xenon is a clear, colorless, monoatomic, inert, stable, noble gas. It is naturally abundant in air at a level of 0.087 ppm. Atmospheric xenon is composed of nine non-radioactive isotopes, of which xenon Xe 129 comprises 26.4%. The atomic weight of xenon Xe 129 is 128.9. XENOVIEW is a clear, colorless, odorless gas for oral inhalation use. Each XENOVIEW Dose Delivery Bag contains a Dose Equivalent (DE) volume of hyperpolarized xenon Xe 129 in a volume of 250 mL to 750 mL total xenon with additional nitrogen, NF (99.999% purity) added as an inert buffer to ensure the total volume of gas reaches the dose delivery bag volume (300 mL, 500 mL, 750 mL, or 1,000 mL). The minimum DE for a dose of XENOVIEW is 75 mL with a recommended DE target range of 75 to 100 mL. DE of greater than 100 mL is acceptable.
What Is Xenon Xe 129 Hyperpolarized Used For?
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE XENOVIEW ® , prepared from the Xenon Xe 129 Gas Blend, is indicated for use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluation of lung ventilation in adults and pediatric patients aged 6 years and older. Limitations of Use XENOVIEW has not been evaluated for use with lung perfusion imaging. XENOVIEW, prepared from the Xenon Xe 129 Gas Blend, is a hyperpolarized contrast agent indicated for use with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluation of lung ventilation in adults and pediatric patients aged 6 years and older. Limitations of Use XENOVIEW has not been evaluated for use with lung perfusion imaging. ( 1 )
Dosage and Administration
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION The recommended target dose of XENOVIEW for adult and pediatric patients aged 6 years and older is 75 mL to 100 mL Dose Equivalent (DE) volume of hyperpolarized xenon Xe 129 by oral inhalation of the entire contents of one XENOVIEW Dose Delivery Bag. ( 2.1 ) Choose an appropriate size of the Dose Delivery Bag based on patient’s Total Lung Capacity (TLC) or Forced Vital Capacity (FVC). ( 2.1 ) Administer dose within 5 minutes of DE measurement. ( 2.2 ) Initiate imaging immediately after inhalation. ( 2.2 ) See Full Prescribing Information for detailed information regarding preparation, administration, image acquisition, and image interpretation. ( 2.2 , 2.3 ) 2.1 Recommended Dosage The recommended target dose of XENOVIEW for adults and pediatric patients aged 6 years and older is 75 mL to 100 mL Dose Equivalent (DE) volume of hyperpolarized xenon Xe 129 by oral inhalation of the entire contents of one XENOVIEW Dose Delivery Bag. Each bag contains at least 75 mL DE of hyperpolarized xenon Xe 129 measured within 5 minutes of administration, in a volume of 250 mL to 750 mL total xenon with additional nitrogen, NF (99.999% purity) added to reach a total volume of the Dose Delivery Bag. Select the Dose Delivery Bag based on the patient’s Total Lung Capacity (TLC) according to Table 1. If TLC is not available at the time of the procedure, select the Dose Delivery Bag based on patient’s Forced Vital Capacity (FVC). If neither TLC nor FVC values are available in the patient’s medical records, select the Dose Delivery Bag based on estimates of the patient’s TLC using American Thoracic Society (ATS)-endorsed plethysmography-based predictive equations based on sex and height. Table 1. Recommended Dose Delivery Bag Volume Based on TLC TLC (L) FVC † (L) Dose Delivery Bag (mL) <2.0 <1.5 300 2.0 to <3.3 1.5 to <2.5 500 3.3 to <5.0 2.5 to <3.8 750 ≥5.0 ≥3.8 1,000 † FVC is used when TLC is not available. The minimum DE for a dose of XENOVIEW is 75 mL with a recommended DE target range of 75 mL to 100 mL. DE of greater than 100 mL is acceptable. DE is the volume (mL) of 100% isotopically enriched, 100% hyperpolarized, xenon Xe 129 that would produce the equivalent net magnetization as the Xe 129 dose. The HPX Polarization Measurement Station measures DE. DE is defined by the following formula: DE = (total volume xenon gas) × (fraction of xenon Xe 129 isotopic enrichment in the xenon gas) × (fraction of hyperpolarization) where the total volume of xenon gas is 250 mL to 750 mL, the fraction of xenon Xe 129 isotopic enrichment is > 80% and the mean fraction of hyperpolarization is no less than 38% to 54% at the completion of polarization of 250 mL of xenon gas. For example, if 300 mL of total xenon gas with 83% enrichment of xenon Xe 129 is dispensed from the HPX Hyperpolarizer at 40% hyperpolarization: DE = 300 mL × 0.83 × 0.40 = 99.6 mL 2.2 Preparation, Administration, and Image Acquisition Preparation Choose an appropriate Dose...
Side Effects (Adverse Reactions)
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The adverse reactions (> one patient) in efficacy trials in adults were oropharyngeal pain, headache, and dizziness. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Polarean, Inc. at 1‑844-936-6843 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. Adverse Reactions in Adult Patients The safety of XENOVIEW was evaluated in two prospective efficacy trials that enrolled a total of 83 adult patients with various lung disorders who were being evaluated for possible lung surgery [see Clinical Studies ( 14 ) ] . Mean age of these patients was 62 years, 88% were White and 69% were male. In these two trials, mean xenon gas volume per XENOVIEW dose was 330.2 mL and 81 of 83 patients (98%) received a single administration of XENOVIEW. For safety assessment, the volume of administered xenon gas in the XENOVIEW dose is noted rather than the DE, because isotopic enrichment and hyperpolarization are not known to affect the safety profile of xenon gas. Adverse reactions were reported in 12 (14%) of the 83 patients. Adverse reactions reported by more than one patient were oropharyngeal pain (n = 4 patients), headache (n = 2 patients), and dizziness (n = 2 patients). A hypersensitivity reaction that included transient pruritus and erythema occurred in one patient with a history of allergic reactions to several drugs, foods, and other substances. In pooled data of 123 adult patients from published studies, most of whom had lung disorders such as COPD, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and asthma, who received 1 dose to 2 doses of hyperpolarized xenon Xe 129 with xenon volumes of approximately 500 mL to 1,000 mL of xenon gas per dose, the following transient adverse reactions were reported: numbness, tingling, euphoria, and dizziness. Overall frequency of these adverse reactions could not be determined from the published information. Adverse Reactions in Pediatric Patients In pooled data of 120 pediatric patients aged 6 to 18 years from published studies, most of whom had either asthma or cystic fibrosis, who received 1 dose to 2 doses of hyperpolarized xenon Xe 129 with xenon volumes based on predicted TLC, the following transient adverse reactions were reported: blood oxygen desaturation, heart rate elevation, numbness, tingling, dizziness, and euphoria. Overall frequency of these adverse reactions could not be determined from the published information. In one of the published studies of 23 pediatric patients aged 6 to 18 years, 11 of whom had cystic fibrosis and 12 of whom were healthy, the mean difference of SpO 2 % from baseline was -6% following hyperpolarized xenon Xe 129 administration with xenon volumes based on predicted total lung capacity. In the same study, the mean change in heart rate from baseline was +6.6 beats per minute following hyperpolarized xenon Xe 129 administration. Both reported oxygen desaturation and heart rate elevation resolved by 2 minutes post-dose without intervention.
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS None. None. ( 4 )
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary XENOVIEW is minimally absorbed systemically following the inhalation route of administration, and maternal use is not expected to result in fetal exposure to the drug [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )]. Adequately designed animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with hyperpolarized xenon Xe 129. Although not adequately designed to evaluate reproductive and developmental toxicity, there are animal reproduction data available in the literature. Animal reproduction studies were conducted in rats by administering an 80% Xe/20% O 2 gas mixture for 2 hours twice a week for 2 and 10 weeks, with no observed effects on fertility or pregnancy. Gas mixtures containing 70% to 75% Xe gas and 25% to 30% O 2 gas were found to be non-teratogenic in rats when administered for 24 hours. In a separate study, rats were administered an 80%/20% Xe/O 2 gas mixture for 2 hours twice a week from the first to nineteenth day of pregnancy with no observed effects on embryo-fetal development or signs of teratogenicity. The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S general population, the estimated background risks of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies are 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively.
How Supplied
16 HOW SUPPLIED How Supplied XENOVIEW (xenon Xe 129 hyperpolarized) is prepared from the Xenon Xe 129 Gas Blend by the HPX Hyperpolarizer and is contained in a XENOVIEW Dose Delivery Bag as a clear, colorless, odorless gas. XENOVIEW Dose Delivery Bags are available in four different sizes co-packaged with attachable mouthpieces and affixable dose labels: 300 mL bags in a box of 50 (NDC 80534-0300-1) 500 mL bags in a box of 50 (NDC 80534-0500-1) 750 mL bags in a box of 50 (NDC 80534-0750-1) 1,000 mL bags in a box of 50 (NDC 80534-1000-2) Xenon Xe 129 Gas Blend for preparation of XENOVIEW is supplied as a compressed gas under high pressure (2,105 pounds per square inch gauge [psig]) in size 302 aluminum cylinders with a volume of 6,350 liters (NDC 80534-6350-1). Storage and Handling Store XENOVIEW at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F) for no more than 5 minutes after final DE measurement. Do not use and discard XENOVIEW 60 minutes after filling of Dose Delivery Bag. Store Xenon Xe 129 Gas Blend at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F), with excursions permitted to 15°C to 30°C (59°F to 86°F). Manufactured for: Polarean, Inc. 2500 Meridian Parkway, #175 Durham, NC 27713 Tel: +1-844-936-6843 XENOVIEW ® is a trademark of Polarean, Inc. Doc #: 34660D
About This Information
This drug information is sourced from FDA-approved labeling via the openFDA database. It is intended for educational and reference purposes only. This is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before making decisions about medication. Drug information may be updated by the FDA; check with your pharmacist for the most current information.
What are side effects?
Side effects are unwanted reactions that can occur when taking a medication. They range from mild (headache, nausea) to severe (allergic reactions, organ damage). Not everyone experiences side effects, and severity varies. Report any concerning side effects to your doctor.
What are drug interactions?
Drug interactions occur when a medication is affected by another drug, food, or supplement. Interactions can make medications less effective or cause dangerous side effects. Always tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you take.