Pacritinib
FDA Drug Information • Also known as: Vonjo
- Brand Names
- Vonjo
- Drug Class
- Kinase Inhibitor [EPC]
- Route
- ORAL
- Dosage Form
- CAPSULE
- Product Type
- HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Description
11 DESCRIPTION VONJO contains pacritinib citrate, a kinase inhibitor with the chemical name (2E,16E)-11-[2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy]-14,19-dioxa-5,7,27-triazatetracyclo[19.3.1.1(2,6).1(8,12)]heptacosa-1(25),2,4,6,8,10,12(26),16,21,23-decaene citrate and a molecular weight of 664.7 as citrate salt and 472.59 as a free base. The molecular formula is C 28 H 32 N 4 O 3
What Is Pacritinib Used For?
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE VONJO is indicated for the treatment of adults with intermediate or high-risk primary or secondary (post-polycythemia vera or post-essential thrombocythemia) myelofibrosis (MF) with a platelet count below 50 × 10 9 /L. This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on spleen volume reduction [see Clinical Studies (14.2)] . Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial(s). VONJO is a kinase inhibitor indicated for the treatment of adults with intermediate or high-risk primary or secondary (post-polycythemia vera or post-essential thrombocythemia) myelofibrosis with a platelet count below 50 × 10 9 /L ( 1 ). This indication is approved under accelerated approval based on spleen volume reduction. Continued approval for this indication may be contingent upon verification and description of clinical benefit in a confirmatory trial(s).
Dosage and Administration
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Recommended dosage is 200 mg orally twice daily ( 2.1 ). May be taken with or without food ( 2.1 ). 2.1 Recommended Dosage The recommended dosage of VONJO is 200 mg orally twice daily. VONJO may be taken with or without food. Swallow capsules whole. Do not open, break, or chew capsules. Patients who are on treatment with other kinase inhibitors before the initiation of VONJO must taper or discontinue according to the prescribing information for that drug. 2.2 Monitoring for Safety Perform a complete blood count (CBC; including white blood cell count differential and platelet count), coagulation testing (prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, thrombin time, and international normalized ratio) and a baseline electrocardiogram (ECG), prior to starting VONJO, and monitor as clinically indicated while the patient is on treatment. 2.3 Missed Dose If a dose of VONJO is missed, the patient should take the next prescribed dose at its scheduled time. Extra capsules should not be taken to make up for the missed dose. 2.4 Dose Interruption for Planned Surgical Procedures or Other Interventions Discontinue VONJO 7 days prior to elective surgery or invasive procedures because of the risk of hemorrhage and restart only after hemostasis is assured. 2.5 Dose Modification for Adverse Reactions Dose modifications for diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, hemorrhage, and prolonged QT interval are described in Table 1 , Table 2 , Table 3 , and Table 4 respectively. See Warning and Precautions ( 5.1 , 5.2 , 5.3 , and 5.4 ) for additional risk minimization recommendations. Dose levels for VONJO are as follows: 200 mg twice daily (initial starting dose), 100 mg twice daily (first dose reduction), 100 mg once daily (second dose reduction). Discontinue VONJO in patients unable to tolerate a dose of 100 mg daily. Table 1 Dosage Modification for Diarrhea Toxicity Management/Action a Increase of at least 7 stools per day over baseline, or hospitalization indicated, or severe increase in ostomy output over baseline, or if limiting self-care. b Increase of <4 stools per day over baseline or mild increase in ostomy output compared to baseline. New onset of diarrhea Initiate anti-diarrheal medications. Encourage adequate oral hydration. Grade 3 or 4 a Hold VONJO until the diarrhea resolves to Grade 1 b or lower or baseline. Restart VONJO at the last given dose. Intensify anti-diarrheal regimen. Provide fluid replacement. If diarrhea recurs, hold VONJO until the diarrhea resolves to Grade 1 b or lower or baseline. Restart VONJO at 50% of the last given dose once the toxicity has resolved. Concomitant antidiarrheal treatment is required for patients restarting VONJO. Table 2 Dose Modification for Thrombocytopenia Worsening Thrombocytopenia Action For clinically significant worsening of thrombocytopenia that lasts more than 7 days Hold VONJO. Restart VONJO at 50% of the last given dose once the toxicity has resolved. If toxicity recurs hold VONJO. Restart...
Side Effects (Adverse Reactions)
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Hemorrhage [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Diarrhea [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )] Thrombocytopenia [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] Prolonged QT Interval [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Major Adverse Cardiac Events [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] Thrombosis [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] Secondary Malignancies [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.7 )] Risk of Infection [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.8 )] The most common (≥20% of patients) adverse reactions are diarrhea, thrombocytopenia, nausea, anemia, and peripheral edema ( 6.1 ). To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Sobi, Inc. at (866) 773-5274 and www.VONJO.com or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. PERSIST-2 Trial The safety of VONJO was evaluated in the randomized, controlled PERSIST-2 trial [see Clinical Studies ( 14 )] . In PERSIST-2, key eligibility criteria included adults with intermediate or high-risk primary or secondary (post-polycythemia vera or post-essential thrombocythemia) MF with splenomegaly and a platelet count ≤100 × 10 9 /L. Prior Janus associated kinase (JAK) inhibitor therapy was permitted. Patients received VONJO at 200 mg twice daily (n=106), 400 mg once daily (n=104), or best available therapy (BAT) (n=98). Forty-seven (44%) of the 106 patients treated with VONJO 200 mg twice daily had a baseline platelet count of <50 × 10 9 /L. The 400 mg once daily dose could not be established to be safe, so further information on this arm is not provided. In PERSIST-2, among the 106 patients treated with VONJO 200 mg twice daily, the median baseline hemoglobin was 9.7 g/dL and the median drug exposure was 25 weeks. Fifty-four percent of patients were exposed for 6 months, and 18% were exposed for approximately 12 months. Accounting for dose reductions, the average daily dose (mean relative dose intensity) and median daily dose (median relative dose intensity) were 380 mg (95%) and 400 mg (100%), respectively, for patients receiving VONJO twice daily. The median age of patients who received VONJO 200 mg twice daily was 67 years (range: 39 to 85 years), 59% were male, 86% were White, 3% were Asian, 2% were Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, 0% were Black, 9% did not report race, and 87% had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 47% of patients treated with VONJO 200 mg twice daily and in 31% of patients treated with BAT. The most frequent serious adverse reactions occurring in ≥3% patients receiving VONJO 200 mg twice daily were anemia (8%), thrombocytopenia (6%), pneumonia (6%), cardiac failure (4%), disease progression (3%), pyrexia (3%), and squamous cell carcinoma of skin (3%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 8% of patients receiving VONJO 200 mg twice daily and in 9% of patients treated with BAT. The fatal adverse reactions among patients treated with VONJO 200 mg twice daily included events of disease progression (3%), and multiorgan failure, cerebral hemorrhage, meningorrhagia, and acute myeloid leukemia in <1% of patients each, respectively. Permanent discontinuation due to an adverse reaction occurred in 15% of patients receiving VONJO 200 mg twice daily compared to 12% of patients treated with BAT. The most frequent reasons for permanent discontinuation in ≥2% of patients receiving VONJO 200 mg twice daily included anemia (3%) and thrombocytopenia (2%). Drug interruptions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 27% of patients who received VONJO 200 mg twice daily compared to 10% of patients treated with...
Drug Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Co-administration of VONJO with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors can increase the exposure to pacritinib. Monitor for increased adverse reactions of VONJO when administered with moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors ( 7.1 ). VONJO is an inhibitor of P-gp, BCRP, and CYP1A2 and an inducer of CYP3A4 and CYP2C19. Monitor patients concomitantly receiving substrates of these transporters and enzymes, and adjust dose of the substrates as needed ( 7.2 ). VONJO may reduce the effectiveness of hormonal contraceptives ( 7.2 ) 7.1 Effect of Other Drugs on VONJO Strong and Moderate CYP3A4 Inhibitors Pacritinib is predominantly metabolized by CYP3A4. Concomitant use of VONJO with strong and moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors increases pacritinib exposure, which may increase the risk of exposure-related adverse reactions [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] Co-administration of VONJO with strong CYP3A4 inhibitors is contraindicated [see Contraindications ( 4 )]. Monitor patients concomitantly receiving moderate CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., fluconazole) for increased adverse reactions and consider VONJO dose modifications based on safety [see Dose Modifications for Adverse Reactions ( 2.5 )] . Concomitant use of VONJO with doses of fluconazole greater than 200 mg once daily has not been studied. Strong CYP3A4 Inducers Pacritinib is predominantly metabolized by CYP3A4. Concomitant use of VONJO with strong CYP3A4 inducers decreases pacritinib exposure, which may reduce efficacy of VONJO [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . Co-administration of VONJO with strong CYP3A4 inducers is contraindicated [see Contraindications ( 4 )]. 7.2 Effect of VONJO on Other Drugs CYP1A2 Substrates Pacritinib is an inhibitor of CYP1A2. VONJO increases the plasma concentrations of CYP1A2 substrates [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] ,which may increase the risk of adverse reactions from the CYP1A2 substrate. Monitor for CYP1A2 substrate related adverse reactions more frequently, unless otherwise recommended in the substrate Prescribing Information, when VONJO is used concomitantly with CYP1A2 substrates where minimal substrate concentration changes may lead to serious adverse reactions. CYP2C19 Substrates Pacritinib is an inducer of CYP2C19. VONJO decreases the plasma concentrations of CYP2C19 substrates [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] , which may decrease the efficacy from the CYP2C19 substrate. Monitor the efficacy of CYP2C19 substrate more frequently, unless otherwise recommended in the substrate Prescribing Information, when VONJO is used concomitantly with CYP2C19 substrates where minimal substrate concentration changes may lead to diminished efficacy. Dose adjustment of CYP2C19 substrates may be needed. CYP3A4 Substrates Pacritinib is an inducer of CYP3A4. VONJO decreases the plasma concentrations of CYP3A4 substrates [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] , which may decrease the efficacy from the CYP3A4 substrate. Monitor the efficacy of CYP3A4 substrate more frequently, unless...
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS VONJO is contraindicated in patients concomitantly using strong CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers as these medications can significantly alter exposure to pacritinib, which may increase the risk of adverse reactions or impair efficacy [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 , 5.2 , 5.3 , 5.4 ), Drug Interactions ( 7.1 ), and Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.3 )] . Concomitant use of strong CYP3A4 inhibitors or inducers ( 4 )
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no available data on VONJO use in pregnant women to evaluate for a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage, or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. In animal reproduction studies, administration of pacritinib to pregnant mice or rabbits at exposures that were considerably lower than those observed at the recommended human dose were associated with maternal toxicity and embryonic and fetal loss (see Data ) . Advise pregnant women of the potential risk to a fetus. Consider the benefits and risks of VONJO for the mother and possible risks to the fetus when prescribing VONJO to a pregnant woman. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population(s) is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data Pacritinib was administered orally to pregnant mice at doses of 30, 100, or 250 mg/kg/day from gestation day 6 to gestation day 15. Pacritinib was also administered orally to pregnant rabbits at doses of 15, 30, or 60 mg/kg/day from gestation day 7 until gestation day 20. In both species, pacritinib was associated with maternal toxicity, which resulted in post-implantation loss in mice, abortions in rabbits, and reduced fetal body weights in mice and rabbits at exposures 0.1 times (mice) and 0.3 times (rabbits) the exposure at the recommended human dose (AUC-based). In mice, the high dose was associated with an increased incidence of an external malformation (cleft palate) in the presence of maternal toxicity. In a pre- and post-natal development study in mice, pregnant animals were dosed with pacritinib from implantation through lactation at 30, 100, or 250 mg/kg/day. Maternal toxicity was noted at 250 mg/kg and associated with...
Overdosage
10 OVERDOSAGE Overdosage may lead to gastrointestinal toxicities, myelosuppression, blurred vision, dizziness, worsening performance status, and sepsis. There is no known antidote for overdose with VONJO. Hemodialysis is not expected to enhance the elimination of VONJO.
How Supplied
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING 16.1 How Supplied VONJO is supplied in the following strength and package configuration: Strength NDC Number Description Capsules per Bottle 100 mg 72482-100-12 Hard, oblong, opaque, gelatin capsule with scarlet cap and gray body, printed with “Pacritinib 100 mg” on the cap and “C78837” on the body 120 16.2 Storage Store at room temperature, below 30°C (86°F). Keep the bottle tightly closed and protect from light. Store in original package. Dispense in original package or in a light-resistant container.
About This Information
This drug information is sourced from FDA-approved labeling via the openFDA database. It is intended for educational and reference purposes only. This is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before making decisions about medication. Drug information may be updated by the FDA; check with your pharmacist for the most current information.
What are side effects?
Side effects are unwanted reactions that can occur when taking a medication. They range from mild (headache, nausea) to severe (allergic reactions, organ damage). Not everyone experiences side effects, and severity varies. Report any concerning side effects to your doctor.
What are drug interactions?
Drug interactions occur when a medication is affected by another drug, food, or supplement. Interactions can make medications less effective or cause dangerous side effects. Always tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you take.