Omalizumab

FDA Drug Information • Also known as: Xolair, Xolair Pfs

Brand Names: Xolair, Xolair Pfs
Dosage Form: INJECTION, SOLUTION
Product Type: HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG

⚠ Boxed Warning (Black Box)

WARNING: ANAPHYLAXIS Anaphylaxis presenting as bronchospasm, hypotension, syncope, urticaria, and/or angioedema of the throat or tongue, has been reported to occur after administration of XOLAIR. Anaphylaxis has occurred as early as after the first dose of XOLAIR, but also has occurred beyond 1 year after beginning regularly administered treatment. Because of the risk of anaphylaxis, initiate XOLAIR therapy in a healthcare setting and closely observe patients for an appropriate period of time after XOLAIR administration. Health care providers administering XOLAIR should be prepared to manage anaphylaxis which can be life-threatening. Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis and instruct them to seek immediate medical care should symptoms occur. Selection of patients for self-administration of XOLAIR should be based on criteria to mitigate risk from anaphylaxis [see Dosage and Administration (2.6) , Warnings and Precautions (5.1) and Adverse Reactions (6.1 , 6.2) ] . WARNING: ANAPHYLAXIS See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Anaphylaxis, presenting as bronchospasm, hypotension, syncope, urticaria, and/or angioedema of the throat or tongue, has been reported to occur after administration of XOLAIR. Anaphylaxis has occurred after the first dose of XOLAIR but also has occurred beyond 1 year after beginning treatment. Initiate XOLAIR therapy in a healthcare setting, closely observe patients for an appropriate period of time after XOLAIR administration and be prepared to manage anaphylaxis which can be life-threatening. Inform patients of the signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis and have them seek immediate medical care should symptoms occur. Selection of patients for self-administration of XOLAIR should be based on criteria to mitigate risk from anaphylaxis. ( 2.6 , 5.1 , 6.1 , 6.2 )

Description

11 DESCRIPTION Omalizumab is a recombinant DNA-derived humanized IgG1κ monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to human immunoglobulin E (IgE). The antibody has a molecular weight of approximately 149 kiloDaltons. XOLAIR is produced by a Chinese hamster ovary cell suspension culture. XOLAIR (omalizumab) is administered as a subcutaneous (SC) injection and is available in prefilled syringe, autoinjector and in vials. XOLAIR Injection (Prefilled Syringe or Autoinjector) XOLAIR (omalizumab) injection is supplied as a sterile, preservative-free, clear to slightly opalescent and colorless to pale brownish-yellow solution for subcutaneous injection. XOLAIR (omalizumab) injection is available as a single-dose prefilled syringe or a single-dose autoinjector. Each 75 mg prefilled syringe or autoinjector delivers 75 mg omalizumab in 0.5 mL and contains arginine hydrochloride (21.05 mg), histidine (0.68 mg), L-histidine hydrochloride monohydrate (1.17 mg), and polysorbate 20 (0.2 mg) in Sterile Water for Injection (SWFI), USP. Each 150 mg prefilled syringe or autoinjector delivers 150 mg omalizumab in 1 mL and contains arginine hydrochloride (42.1 mg), histidine (1.37 mg), L-histidine hydrochloride monohydrate (2.34 mg), and polysorbate 20 (0.4 mg) in SWFI, USP. Each 300 mg prefilled syringe or autoinjector delivers 300 mg omalizumab in 2 mL and contains arginine hydrochloride (84.2 mg), histidine (2.74 mg), L-histidine hydrochloride monohydrate (4.68 mg), and polysorbate 20 (0.8 mg) in SWFI, USP. The needle cap of the XOLAIR 75 mg/0.5 mL and 150 mg/mL prefilled syringe with 26-gauge staked needle contains a derivative of natural rubber latex which may cause allergic reactions in latex sensitive individuals [see How Supplied/Storage and Handling (16) ] . The XOLAIR autoinjector is not made with natural rubber latex. XOLAIR for Injection (Vial) XOLAIR (omalizumab) for injection is a sterile, white, preservative free, lyophilized powder in a single-dose vial. After...

What Is Omalizumab Used For?

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE XOLAIR is an anti-IgE antibody indicated for: Moderate to severe persistent asthma in adults and pediatric patients 6 years of age and older with a positive skin test or in vitro reactivity to a perennial aeroallergen and symptoms that are inadequately controlled with inhaled corticosteroids ( 1.1 ) Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in adult patients 18 years of age and older with inadequate response to nasal corticosteroids, as add-on maintenance treatment ( 1.2 ) IgE-mediated food allergy in adult and pediatric patients aged 1 year and older for the reduction of allergic reactions (Type I), including anaphylaxis, that may occur with accidental exposure to one or more foods. To be used in conjunction with food allergen avoidance ( 1.3 ) Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) in adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older who remain symptomatic despite H1 antihistamine treatment ( 1.4 ) Limitations of Use : Not indicated for acute bronchospasm or status asthmaticus. ( 1.1 , 5.3 ) Not indicated for the emergency treatment of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis ( 1.3 ) Not indicated for other forms of urticaria. ( 1.4 ) 1.1 Asthma XOLAIR is indicated for adults and pediatric patients 6 years of age and older with moderate to severe persistent asthma who have a positive skin test or in vitro reactivity to a perennial aeroallergen and whose symptoms are inadequately controlled with inhaled corticosteroids. Limitations of Use: XOLAIR is not indicated for the relief of acute bronchospasm or status asthmaticus. 1.2 Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps XOLAIR is indicated for add-on maintenance treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in adult patients 18 years of age and older with inadequate response to nasal corticosteroids. 1.3 IgE-Mediated Food Allergy XOLAIR is indicated for the reduction of allergic reactions (Type I), including anaphylaxis, that may occur with accidental exposure to one or more foods in adult and pediatric patients aged 1 year and older with IgE-mediated food allergy. XOLAIR is to be used in conjunction with food allergen avoidance. Limitations of Use: XOLAIR is not indicated for the emergency treatment of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis. 1.4 Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria XOLAIR is indicated for the treatment of adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) who remain symptomatic despite H1 antihistamine treatment. Limitations of Use: XOLAIR is not indicated for treatment of other forms of urticaria.

Dosage and Administration

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION For subcutaneous (SC) administration only. ( 2.2 , 2.3 , 2.4 , 2.5 ) See full prescribing information for administration instructions ( 2.6 , 2.7 , 2.8 ). Asthma : XOLAIR 75 to 375 mg SC every 2 or 4 weeks. Determine dose (mg) and dosing frequency by serum total IgE level (IU/mL), measured before the start of treatment, and body weight (kg). See the dose determination charts. ( 2.2 ) Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps : XOLAIR 75 to 600 mg SC every 2 or 4 weeks. Determine dose (mg) and dosing frequency by serum total IgE level (IU/mL), measured before the start of treatment, and body weight (kg). See the dose determination charts. ( 2.3 ) IgE-Mediated Food Allergy : XOLAIR 75 mg to 600 mg SC every 2 or 4 weeks. Determine dose (mg) and dosing frequency by serum total IgE level (IU/mL), measured before the start of treatment, and body weight (kg). See the dose determination chart. ( 2.4 ) Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria : XOLAIR 150 or 300 mg SC every 4 weeks. Dosing in CSU is not dependent on serum IgE level or body weight. ( 2.5 ) 2.1 Overview of Dosage Determination Asthma, and Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps, and IgE-Mediated Food Allergy Determine dosage of XOLAIR by serum total IgE level (IU/mL) measured before the start of treatment, and by body weight (kg). For patients with asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), and IgE-mediated food allergy, dosage determination should be based on the primary diagnosis for which XOLAIR is being prescribed. Adjust doses for significant changes in body weight during treatment. Refer to Tables 1 and 2 for the recommended dosage for treatment of asthma, Table 3 for treatment of CRSwNP, and Table 4 for treatment of IgE-mediated food allergy. Total IgE levels are elevated during treatment and remain elevated for up to one year after the discontinuation of treatment. Therefore, re-testing of IgE levels during XOLAIR treatment cannot be used as a guide for dose determination. Interruptions lasting less than one year: Dose based on serum IgE levels obtained at the initial dose determination. Interruptions lasting one year or more: Re-test total serum IgE levels for dose determination ( Table 1 or 2 for treatment of asthma, based on the patient's age, Table 3 for treatment of CRSwNP, and Table 4 for treatment of IgE-mediated food allergy). Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Dosage of XOLAIR in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is not dependent on serum IgE (free or total) level or body weight [see Dosage and Administration (2.5) ] . 2.2 Recommended Dosage for Asthma The recommended dosage for asthma is XOLAIR 75 mg to 375 mg by subcutaneous injection every 2 or 4 weeks based on serum total IgE level (IU/mL) measured before the start of treatment and by body weight (kg) [see Dosage and Administration (2.1) ] . Adult and adolescent patients 12 years of age and older: Initiate dosing according to Table 1 . Pediatric patients 6 to <12 years of...

Side Effects (Adverse Reactions)

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Anaphylaxis [see Boxed Warning and Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Malignancies [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Asthma : The most common adverse reactions (≥ 1% of patients) in clinical studies with adult and adolescent patients ≥12 years of age were arthralgia, pain (general), leg pain, fatigue, dizziness, fracture, arm pain, pruritus, dermatitis, and earache. In clinical studies with pediatric patients 6 to <12 years of age, the most common adverse reactions (≥3% of patients) were nasopharyngitis, headache, pyrexia, upper abdominal pain, pharyngitis streptococcal, otitis media, viral gastroenteritis, arthropod bites, and epistaxis. ( 6.1 ) Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps : The most common adverse reactions (≥ 3% of patients) in clinical studies with adult patients included the following: headache, injection site reaction, arthralgia, upper abdominal pain, and dizziness. ( 6.1 ) IgE-Mediated Food Allergy : The most common adverse reactions (≥3% of patients) were injection site reactions and pyrexia. ( 6.1 ) Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria : The most common adverse reactions (≥2% of patients) included the following: nausea, nasopharyngitis, sinusitis, upper respiratory tract infection, viral upper respiratory tract infection, arthralgia, headache, and cough. ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Genentech at 1-888-835-2555 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in clinical practice. Adverse Reactions from Clinical Studies in Adult and Adolescent Patients 12 Years of Age and Older with Asthma The data described below reflect XOLAIR exposure for 2076 adult and adolescent patients ages 12 and older, including 1687 patients exposed for six months and 555 exposed for one year or more, in either placebo-controlled or other controlled asthma studies. The mean age of patients receiving XOLAIR was 42 years, with 134 patients 65 years of age or older; 60% were women, and 85% Caucasian. Patients received XOLAIR 150 mg to 375 mg every 2 or 4 weeks or, for patients assigned to control groups, standard therapy with or without a placebo. The adverse reactions most frequently resulting in clinical intervention (e.g., discontinuation of XOLAIR, or the need for concomitant medication to treat an adverse reaction) were injection site reaction (45%), viral infections (23%), upper respiratory tract infection (20%), sinusitis (16%), headache (15%), and pharyngitis (11%). These reactions were observed at similar rates in XOLAIR-treated patients and control patients. Table 7 shows adverse reactions from four placebo-controlled asthma trials that occurred ≥1% and more frequently in adult and adolescent patients 12 years of age and older receiving XOLAIR than in those receiving placebo. Adverse reactions were classified using preferred terms from the International Medical Nomenclature (IMN) dictionary. Injection site reactions were recorded separately from the reporting of other adverse reactions. Table 7. Adverse Reactions ≥1% More Frequent in XOLAIR-Treated Adult or Adolescent Patients 12 years of Age and Older in Four Placebo-controlled Asthma Trials Adverse reaction XOLAIR n=738 Placebo n=717 Body as a whole Pain 7% 5% Fatigue 3% 2% Musculoskeletal system Arthralgia 8% 6% Fracture 2% 1% Leg pain 4% 2% Arm pain 2% 1% Nervous system Dizziness 3% 2% Skin and appendages Pruritus 2% 1% Dermatitis 2% 1% Special senses Earache 2% 1% There were no differences in the incidence of adverse reactions based on age (among patients under 65), gender or race. Anaphylaxis Case Control Study A retrospective case-control study...

Drug Interactions

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS No formal drug interaction studies have been performed with XOLAIR. In patients with asthma, CRSwNP, and IgE-mediated food allergy the concomitant use of XOLAIR and allergen immunotherapy has not been evaluated . In patients with CSU, the use of XOLAIR in combination with immunosuppressive therapies has not been studied. No formal drug interaction studies have been performed. ( 7 )

Contraindications

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS XOLAIR is contraindicated in patients with severe hypersensitivity reaction to XOLAIR or any ingredient of XOLAIR [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] . Severe hypersensitivity reaction to XOLAIR or any ingredient of XOLAIR ( 4 , 5.1 )

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary A registry study of XOLAIR exposure during pregnancy showed no increase in the rate of major birth defects or miscarriage. There was an increased rate of low birth weight among registry infants compared to infants in the other cohorts, despite average gestational age at birth; however, women taking XOLAIR during pregnancy also had more severe asthma, which makes it difficult to determine whether the low birth weight is due to the drug or the disease severity [see Data ] . There are risks associated with poorly or moderately controlled asthma in pregnancy [see Clinical Considerations ] . Human IgG antibodies are known to cross the placental barrier; therefore, XOLAIR may be transmitted from the mother to the developing fetus. In animal reproduction studies, no evidence of fetal harm was observed in Cynomolgus monkeys with subcutaneous doses of omalizumab up to approximately 5 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) [see Data ] . The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population(s) is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the US general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Disease-associated maternal and/or embryo/fetal risk In women with poorly or moderately controlled asthma, evidence demonstrates that there is an increased risk of preeclampsia in the mother and prematurity, low birth weight, and small for gestational age in the neonate. The level of asthma control should be closely monitored in pregnant women and treatment adjusted as necessary to maintain optimal control. Data Human Data A prospective cohort pregnancy exposure registry study conducted in the US from 2006 to 2018, included 250 pregnant women with asthma treated with XOLAIR. Of these, 246 patients were exposed...

How Supplied

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING Injection (Prefilled Syringe or Autoinjector) XOLAIR (omalizumab) injection is a clear to slightly opalescent and colorless to pale brownish-yellow solution for subcutaneous use. XOLAIR injection is provided as either a single-dose prefilled syringe with staked needle, rigid needle cap, and needle shield or a single-dose prefilled autoinjector with staked needle, needle cap and needle guard. XOLAIR is available as prefilled syringe and autoinjector as described in Tables 18 and 19 . Table 18. XOLAIR Prefilled Syringe Strengths and Package Configurations Package Configuration Strength NDC 1 prefilled syringe with a 26-gauge staked needle The needle cap of the XOLAIR prefilled syringe contains a derivative of natural rubber latex which may cause allergic reactions in latex sensitive individuals. 75 mg/0.5 mL NDC 50242-214-01 1 prefilled syringe with a 26-gauge staked needle 150 mg/mL NDC 50242-215-01 1 prefilled syringe with a 27-gauge staked needle 75 mg/0.5 mL NDC 50242-214-03 1 prefilled syringe with a 27-gauge staked needle 150 mg/mL NDC 50242-215-03 1 prefilled syringe with a 27-gauge staked needle 300 mg/2 mL NDC 50242-227-01 Table 19. XOLAIR Autoinjector Strengths and Package Configurations Package Configuration Strength NDC 1 autoinjector with a 27-gauge staked needle 75 mg/0.5 mL NDC 50242-214-55 1 autoinjector with a 27-gauge staked needle 150 mg/mL NDC 50242-215-55 1 autoinjector with a 27-gauge staked needle 300 mg/2 mL NDC-50242-227-55 The XOLAIR autoinjector is not made with natural rubber latex. Storage XOLAIR prefilled syringe and autoinjector should be shipped and stored under refrigerated conditions 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) in the original carton. Protect from direct sunlight. XOLAIR prefilled syringe and autoinjector can be removed from and placed back in the refrigerator if needed. The total combined time out of the refrigerator may not be more than 2 days. Do not use if prefilled syringe or autoinjector is...

About This Information

This drug information is sourced from FDA-approved labeling via the openFDA database. It is intended for educational and reference purposes only. This is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before making decisions about medication. Drug information may be updated by the FDA; check with your pharmacist for the most current information.

What are side effects?

Side effects are unwanted reactions that can occur when taking a medication. They range from mild (headache, nausea) to severe (allergic reactions, organ damage). Not everyone experiences side effects, and severity varies. Report any concerning side effects to your doctor.

What are drug interactions?

Drug interactions occur when a medication is affected by another drug, food, or supplement. Interactions can make medications less effective or cause dangerous side effects. Always tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you take.