Naldemedine
FDA Drug Information • Also known as: Symproic
- Brand Names
- Symproic
- Route
- ORAL
- Dosage Form
- TABLET
- Product Type
- HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Description
11 DESCRIPTION SYMPROIC (naldemedine), an opioid antagonist, contains naldemedine tosylate as the active ingredient. The chemical name for naldemedine tosylate is: 17-(cyclopropylmethyl)-6,7-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-3,6,14-trihydroxy-N-[2-(3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)propan-2-yl]morphinan-7-carboxamide 4-methylbenzenesulfonic acid. The structural formula is: The empirical formula for naldemedine tosylate is C 32 H 34 N 4 O 6 ∙C 7 H 8 O 3 S and the molecular weight is 742.84. Naldemedine tosylate is a white to light tan powder, soluble in dimethylsulfoxide and methanol, slightly soluble in alcohol and water, and independent of pH. SYMPROIC (naldemedine) tablets for oral use contain 0.2 mg naldemedine (equivalent to 0.26 mg of naldemedine tosylate). Excipients are: D-mannitol, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, talc, and yellow ferric oxide. Chemical Structure
What Is Naldemedine Used For?
1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE SYMPROIC is indicated for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in adult patients with chronic non-cancer pain, including patients with chronic pain related to prior cancer or its treatment who do not require frequent (e.g., weekly) opioid dosage escalation. SYMPROIC is an opioid antagonist indicated for the treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC) in adult patients with chronic non-cancer pain, including patients with chronic pain related to prior cancer or its treatment who do not require frequent (e.g., weekly) opioid dosage escalation ( 1 )
Dosage and Administration
2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Administration ( 2.1 ) : Alteration of analgesic dosing regimen prior to initiating SYMPROIC is not required Patients receiving opioids for less than 4 weeks may be less responsive to SYMPROIC Discontinue SYMPROIC if treatment with the opioid pain medication is also discontinued Dosage ( 2.2 ) : In adults, the recommended dosage is 0.2 mg once daily with or without food 2.1 Administration Alteration of analgesic dosing regimen prior to initiating SYMPROIC is not required. Patients receiving opioids for less than 4 weeks may be less responsive to SYMPROIC [see Clinical Studies (14) ] . Discontinue SYMPROIC if treatment with the opioid pain medication is also discontinued. 2.2 Adult Dosage The recommended dosage of SYMPROIC is 0.2 mg orally once daily with or without food.
Side Effects (Adverse Reactions)
6 ADVERSE REACTIONS Serious and important adverse reactions described elsewhere in labeling include: Gastrointestinal perforation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ] Opioid withdrawal [see Warnings and Precautions (5.2) ] Most common adverse reactions (≥2%) are: abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea and gastroenteritis ( 6.1 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact BioDelivery Sciences International, Inc. at 1-800-469-0261 or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch . 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The data described below reflect exposure to SYMPROIC in 1163 patients in clinical trials, including 487 patients with exposures greater than six months and 203 patients with exposures of 12 months. The following safety data are derived from three double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in patients with OIC and chronic non-cancer pain: two 12-week studies (Studies 1 and 2) and one 52-week study (Study 3) [see Clinical Studies (14) ]. In Studies 1 and 2, patients on laxatives were required to discontinue their use prior to study enrollment. All patients were restricted to bisacodyl rescue treatment during the study. In Study 3, approximately 60% of patients in both treatment groups were on a laxative regimen at baseline; patients were allowed to continue using their laxative regimen throughout the study duration. The safety profile of SYMPROIC relative to placebo was similar regardless of laxative use. Tables 1 and 2 list common adverse reactions occurring in at least 2% of patients receiving SYMPROIC and at an incidence greater than placebo. Table 1 shows pooled 12-week data from Studies 1 and 2. Table 2 shows 12-week data from Study 3. Table 1: Common Adverse Reactions Adverse reactions occurring in at least 2% of patients receiving SYMPROIC and at an incidence greater than placebo in Patients with OIC and Chronic Non-Cancer Pain (12-week data from Studies 1 and 2) Adverse Reaction SYMPROIC 0.2 mg once daily N=542 Placebo N=546 Abdominal pain Abdominal pain includes abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, abdominal pain lower, abdominal pain upper, gastrointestinal pain. 8% 2% Diarrhea 7% 2% Nausea 4% 2% Gastroenteritis 2% 1% Table 2: Common Adverse Reactions Adverse reactions occurring in at least 2% of patients receiving SYMPROIC and at an incidence greater than placebo in Patients with OIC and Chronic Non-Cancer Pain (12-week data from Study 3) Adverse Reaction SYMPROIC 0.2 mg once daily N=621 Placebo N=619 Abdominal pain Abdominal pain includes abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, abdominal pain lower, abdominal pain upper. 11% 5% Diarrhea 7% 3% Nausea 6% 5% Vomiting 3% 2% Gastroenteritis 3% 1% Adverse reactions up to 12 months in Study 3 are similar to those listed in Tables 1 and 2 (diarrhea: 11% vs. 5%, abdominal pain: 8% vs. 3%, and nausea: 8% vs. 6% for SYMPROIC and placebo, respectively). Opioid Withdrawal In Studies 1, 2 and 3, adverse reactions consistent with opioid withdrawal were based on investigator assessment and adjudicated based upon the occurrence of at least 3 adverse reactions potentially related to opioid withdrawal with onset of a constellation of those symptoms occurring on the same day or within one day of each other. Adverse reactions of possible opioid withdrawal could include non-gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms (e.g., hyperhidrosis, hot flush or flushing, chills, tremor, tachycardia, anxiety, agitation, yawning, rhinorrhea, increased lacrimation, sneezing, feeling cold, and pyrexia), GI symptoms (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain), or both GI and non-GI symptoms. In pooled Studies 1 and 2, the incidence of adverse reactions of opioid withdrawal was 1% (8/542) for SYMPROIC and 1% (3/546) for placebo. In Study 3 (52-week...
Drug Interactions
7 DRUG INTERACTIONS Table 3 includes drugs with clinically important drug interactions with SYMPROIC and instructions for preventing or managing the interaction. Table 3: Clinically Relevant Interactions Affecting Naldemedine When Co-Administered with Other Drugs Strong CYP3A Inducers (e.g., rifampin, carbamazepine, phenytoin, St. John's Wort) Clinical Impact Significant decrease in plasma naldemedine concentrations, which may reduce efficacy [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] Intervention Avoid use of SYMPROIC with strong CYP3A inducers. Other Opioid Antagonists Clinical Impact Potential for additive effect of opioid receptor antagonism and increased risk of opioid withdrawal. Intervention Avoid use of SYMPROIC with another opioid antagonist. Moderate (e.g., fluconazole, atazanavir, aprepitant, diltiazem, erythromycin) and Strong (e.g., itraconazole, ketoconazole, clarithromycin, ritonavir, saquinavir) CYP3A Inhibitors Clinical Impact Increase in plasma naldemedine concentrations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] Intervention Monitor for potential naldemedine-related adverse reactions [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] . P-glycoprotein (P-gp) Inhibitors (e.g., amiodarone, captopril, cyclosporine, quercetin, quinidine, verapamil) Clinical Impact Increase in plasma naldemedine concentrations [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] Intervention Monitor for potential naldemedine-related adverse reactions [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] . Strong CYP3A inducers (e.g., rifampin) : Decreased naldemedine concentrations; avoid concomitant use ( 7 ) Other opioid antagonists : Potential for additive effect and increased risk of opioid withdrawal; avoid concomitant use ( 7 ) Moderate (e.g., fluconazole) and strong (e.g., itraconazole) CYP3A4 inhibitors : Increased naldemedine concentrations; monitor for adverse reactions ( 7 ) P-gp inhibitors (e.g., cyclosporine) : Monitor for adverse reactions ( 7 )
Contraindications
4 CONTRAINDICATIONS SYMPROIC is contraindicated in: Patients with known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction and patients at increased risk of recurrent obstruction, due to the potential for gastrointestinal perforation [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ]. Patients with a history of a hypersensitivity reaction to naldemedine. Reactions have included bronchospasm and rash [see Adverse Reactions (6.1) ] . Patients with known or suspected gastrointestinal obstruction or at increased risk of recurrent obstruction ( 4 , 5.1 ) Patients with a history of a hypersensitivity reaction to naldemedine ( 6.1 )
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary There are no available data with naldemedine in pregnant women to inform a drug-associated risk of major birth defects and miscarriage. There is a potential for opioid withdrawal in a fetus when SYMPROIC is used in pregnant women [see Clinical Considerations ]. SYMPROIC should be used during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk. In a rat embryo-fetal development study following oral administration of naldemedine during the period of organogenesis at doses resulting in systemic exposure approximately 23,000 times the human area under the plasma-concentration time curve (AUC) at the recommended human dose of 0.2 mg/day, no developmental abnormalities were observed. In rabbits, there were no adverse effects on embryo-fetal development following oral administration of naldemedine during the period of organogenesis at doses resulting in systemic exposure approximately 226 times the human AUC at the recommended human dose of 0.2 mg/day [see Data ]. No effects on pre- and postnatal development were observed in rats at exposures 12 times human exposures at the recommended human dose. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2 to 4% and 15 to 20%, respectively. Clinical Considerations Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions Naldemedine crosses the placenta, and may precipitate opioid withdrawal in a fetus due to the immature fetal blood-brain barrier. Data Animal Data In rats, there were no adverse effects on embryo-fetal development following oral administration of naldemedine during the period of organogenesis at doses up to 1000 mg/kg/day (approximately 23,000 times the human exposures (AUC) at the recommended human dose). In rabbits, there were no adverse effects on embryo-fetal development following oral...
Overdosage
10 OVERDOSAGE Single doses of naldemedine up to 100 mg (500 times the recommended dose) and multiple doses of up to 30 mg (150 times the recommended dose) for 10 days have been administered to healthy subjects in clinical studies. Dose-dependent increases in gastrointestinal-related adverse reactions, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, and nausea, were observed. Single doses of naldemedine up to 3 mg (15 times the recommended dose) and multiple doses of 0.4 mg (twice the recommended dose) for 28 days have been administered to patients with OIC in clinical studies. Dose-dependent increases in gastrointestinal-related adverse reactions, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting, were observed. Also, chills, hyperhidrosis, and dizziness were reported more frequently at 1 and 3 mg doses and hyperhidrosis at the 0.4 mg dose. No antidote for naldemedine is known. Hemodialysis is not an effective means to remove naldemedine from the blood [see Clinical Pharmacology (12.3) ] .
How Supplied
16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING SYMPROIC is supplied as 0.2 mg naldemedine tablets as follows: bottle of 30 tablets - NDC 59385-041-30 Store SYMPROIC in a light resistant container at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15°C and 30°C (59°F and 86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
About This Information
This drug information is sourced from FDA-approved labeling via the openFDA database. It is intended for educational and reference purposes only. This is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before making decisions about medication. Drug information may be updated by the FDA; check with your pharmacist for the most current information.
What are side effects?
Side effects are unwanted reactions that can occur when taking a medication. They range from mild (headache, nausea) to severe (allergic reactions, organ damage). Not everyone experiences side effects, and severity varies. Report any concerning side effects to your doctor.
What are drug interactions?
Drug interactions occur when a medication is affected by another drug, food, or supplement. Interactions can make medications less effective or cause dangerous side effects. Always tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you take.