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Melphalan Hydrochloride Injection, Powder, Lyophilized, For Solution

FDA Drug Information • Also known as: Hepzato Kit

Brand Names
Hepzato Kit
Route
INTRA-ARTERIAL
Dosage Form
KIT
Product Type
HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG

⚠ Boxed Warning (Black Box)

WARNING: PERI-PROCEDURAL COMPLICATIONS, MYELOSUPPRESSION Severe peri-procedural complications including hemorrhage, hepatocellular injury, and thromboembolic events may occur via hepatic intra-arterial administration of HEPZATO. Assess patients for these adverse reactions during and for at least 72 hours following administration of HEPZATO [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. HEPZATO is available only through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy called the HEPZATO KIT REMS [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )]. Myelosuppression with resulting severe infection, bleeding, or symptomatic anemia may occur with HEPZATO. Monitor hematologic laboratory parameters and delay additional cycles of HEPZATO therapy until blood counts have improved. [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] WARNING: SEVERE PERI-PROCEDURAL COMPLICATIONS, MYELOSUPPRESSION See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning. Severe peri-procedural complications including hemorrhage, hepatocellular injury, and thromboembolic events may occur with intra-hepatic administration of HEPZATO. Assess patients for these adverse reactions during and for 72 hours following administration of HEPZATO. ( 5.1 ) HEPZATO is available only through a restricted program under a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy called the HEPZATO KIT REMS. ( 5.2 ) Myelosuppression with resulting severe infection, bleeding, or symptomatic anemia may occur with HEPZATO. Monitor hematologic laboratory parameters and delay additional cycles of HEPZATO therapy until blood counts have improved.( 5.3 )

Description

11 DESCRIPTION Melphalan, is a bifunctional alkylating drug that is active against selected human neoplastic diseases. Melphalan is available as melphalan hydrochloride salt. The chemical name of melphalan hydrochloride is 4-[bis(2-chloroethyl)amino]-L-phenylalanine hydrochloride. The molecular formula is C 13 H 18 Cl 2 N 2 O 2 .HCl and the molecular weight is 341.67. Melphalan is practically insoluble in water and has a pKa1 of ~2.5. HEPZATO, for injection, is supplied as a sterile, nonpyrogenic, freeze-dried white to pale yellow freeze-dried cake/ powder. Each single dose vial contains melphalan 50 mg, equivalent to 56 mg of melphalan hydrochloride and 20 mg povidone. HEPZATO (melphalan) is reconstituted using the sterile diluent provided. Each vial of sterile diluent contains sodium citrate 0.2 g, propylene glycol 6.0 mL, ethanol (96%) 0.52 mL, and water for injection to a total of 10 mL. HEPZATO (melphalan) for use with the hepatic delivery system is administered intra-arterially. Figure

What Is Melphalan Hydrochloride Injection, Powder, Lyophilized, For Solution Used For?

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE HEPZATO for injection, as a component of the HEPZATO KIT, is indicated as a liver-directed treatment for adult patients with uveal melanoma with unresectable hepatic metastases affecting less than 50% of the liver and no extrahepatic disease or extrahepatic disease limited to the bone, lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissues, or lung that is amenable to resection or radiation. HEPZATO is an alkylating drug indicated as a liver-directed treatment for adult patients with uveal melanoma with unresectable hepatic metastases affecting less than 50% of the liver and no extrahepatic disease, or extrahepatic disease limited to the bone, lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissues, or lung that is amenable to resection or radiation.( 1 )

Dosage and Administration

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION HEPZATO, a component of the HEPZATO KIT, is administered by intra-arterial infusion into the hepatic artery (see instructions for use [IFU]). The recommended dose is 3 mg/kg based on ideal body weight (see Table 1 ), with a maximum absolute dose of 220 mg during a single HEPZATO treatment. ( 2.2 ). The drug is infused over 30 minutes followed by a 30-minute washout period (see IFU). Treatments should be administered every six (6) to eight (8) weeks but can be delayed until recovery from toxicities and as per clinical judgement. ( 2.3 ) 2.1 Important Pre-Treatment and Administration Information HEPZATO is a component of the HEPZATO KIT Hepatic Delivery System [HDS]. Refer to the HEPZATO KIT Hepatic Delivery System Instructions for Use (IFU) for additional instructions including pre-infusion evaluation, hydration, premedication, anticoagulation, and supportive care. Caution: The double balloon catheter component of the HDS contains natural rubber latex which may cause allergic reactions [see Contraindications ( 4 ) ]. Healthcare providers must complete the required HEPZATO KIT REMS training prior to administration of the HEPZATO KIT [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.2 )]. Discontinue oral anticoagulation and drugs affecting platelet function prior to the procedure [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. Discontinue ACE-inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, or alpha-1-adrenergic blockers prior to the procedure [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )]. Conduct baseline hematologic testing. Administer intra-hepatic HEPZATO with the HEPZATO KIT only to patients with the following [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )]. Hemoglobin ≥ 10 g/dL Platelets ≥ 100,000/microliter Neutrophils > 2000/microliter 2.2 Recommended Dosage Administer HEPZATO via the HEPZATO KIT Hepatic Delivery System only to patients weighing 35 kg or greater due to potential size limitations with respect to percutaneous catheterization. HEPZATO, a component of the HEPZATO KIT, is administered by infusion into the hepatic artery (see IFU) every 6 to 8 weeks for up to 6 total infusions. The recommended HEPZATO dose is 3 mg/kg based on ideal body weight (IBW), as calculated per Table 1 below, with a maximum of 220 mg during a single treatment. Table 1: Calculation of IBW for HEPZATO Dosing Height Ideal Body Weight Men ≥ 152 cm 52 kg + (0.75 kg/cm of height greater than 152 cm) < 152 cm 52 kg – (0.75 kg/cm of height less than 152 cm) Women ≥ 152 cm 49 kg + (0.67 kg/cm of height greater than 152 cm) < 152 cm 49 kg – (0.67 kg/cm of height less than 152 cm) 2.3 Dosage Modifications for Adverse Reactions A dosage reduction to 2 mg/kg is recommended for subsequent treatments for the following reasons: Grade 4 neutropenia of > 5 days duration despite growth factor support or associated with neutropenic fever; Grade 4 thrombocytopenia of > 5 days duration or associated with a hemorrhage that required a transfusion; HEPZATO administered with the HEPZATO KIT should be...

Side Effects (Adverse Reactions)

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS Below are adverse reactions associated with HEPZATO KIT. Additional adverse reactions related to the procedure and/or medical device are described in further detail in the HEPZATO KIT IFU. The following clinically significant adverse reactions are described elsewhere in the labeling: Peri-procedural complications [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.1 )] Myelosuppression [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.3 )] Hypersensitivity Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.4 )] Gastrointestinal Adverse Reactions [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.5 )] Secondary Malignancies [see Warnings and Precautions ( 5.6 )] Most common (≥20%) adverse reactions or laboratory abnormalities are thrombocytopenia, fatigue, anemia, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, leukopenia, abdominal pain, neutropenia, vomiting, increased alanine aminotransferase, prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, increased aspartate aminotransferase, increased alkaline phosphatase, and dyspnea. To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Delcath at 1-833-632-0458 and www.Delcath.com or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or http://www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug-device combination cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The adverse drug reactions (ADRs) described in this section were identified from the FOCUS trial. FOCUS was a multicenter trial that evaluated HEPZATO (melphalan) administered via the HEPZATO KIT in patients with unresectable hepatic metastases from uveal melanoma. In the FOCUS trial, a total of 95 patients were enrolled into the HEPZATO KIT arm, of which 91 patients received treatment with HEPZATO. Serious adverse reactions occurred in 45% of patients who received HEPZATO. Serious adverse reactions occurring in ≥ 2% of patients were thrombocytopenia (10%), neutropenia (8%), febrile neutropenia (7%), platelet count decreased (6%), leukopenia (4.2%), cardiac arrest (3.2%), neutrophil count decreased (2.1%), hypoxia (2.1%), pleural effusion (2.1%), pulmonary edema (2.1%), and deep vein thrombosis (2.1%). Fatal adverse reactions occurred in 3 (3.2%) patients who were treated with HEPZATO; these included cardiac arrest, acute hepatic failure and bacterial peritonitis. HEPZATO was permanently discontinued due to adverse reactions in 18% of patients with neutropenia being the most common adverse reaction (3.2%) requiring permanent discontinuation. Dose reductions due to an adverse reaction occurred in 14% of patients who received HEPZATO. Adverse reactions which required dose reductions occurring in ≥ 2% of patients were platelet count decreased (6%), neutropenia (4.2%), anemia (2.1%), and thrombocytopenia (2.1%). Adverse reactions that required dosage interruption in ≥ 2% of patients who received HEPZATO were platelet count decreased (6%), neutropenia (5%), thrombocytopenia (3.2%), anemia (3.2%) and febrile neutropenia (2.1%). The most common (≥20%) adverse reactions or laboratory abnormalities reported in patients treated with HEPZATO were thrombocytopenia (65%), fatigue (65%), anemia (63%), nausea (57%), musculoskeletal pain (46%), leukopenia (46%), abdominal pain (39%), neutropenia (35%), vomiting (35%), increased alanine aminotransferase (32%), prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (28%), increased aspartate aminotransferase (28%), increased blood alkaline phosphatase (27%), and dyspnea (23%). Table 2 and Table 3 summarize adverse reactions and laboratory abnormalities, respectively, that occurred in FOCUS. Table 2 All Adverse Reactions Observed at a Frequency of >10% in Patients Treated with HEPZATO 1 Represents a composite of multiple, related preferred terms All Adverse Reactions N=95 All Grades (%) Grades 3 or 4 (%) Gastrointestinal disorders Nausea 57 0 Abdominal Pain 1 39 1 Vomiting 1 35 0...

Contraindications

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS HEPZATO and the HEPZATO KIT are contraindicated in patients with: Active intracranial metastases or brain lesions with a propensity to bleed Liver failure, portal hypertension, or known varices at risk for bleeding Surgery or medical treatment of the liver in the previous 4 weeks Uncorrectable coagulopathy Inability to safely undergo general anesthesia, including active cardiac conditions including, but not limited to, unstable coronary syndromes (unstable or severe angina or myocardial infarction), worsening or new-onset congestive heart failure, significant arrhythmias, or severe valvular disease History of allergies or known hypersensitivity to melphalan History of allergies or known hypersensitivity to a component or material utilized within the HEPZATO KIT including History of allergy to natural rubber latex History of allergy or hypersensitivity to heparin or presence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) History of severe allergic reaction to iodinated contrast not controlled by premedication with antihistamines and steroids Active intracranial metastases or brain lesions with a propensity to bleed Liver failure, portal hypertension, or known varices at risk for bleeding Surgery or medical treatment of the liver in the previous 4 weeks Active cardiac conditions including, but not limited to, unstable coronary syndromes (unstable or severe angina or myocardial infarction), worsening or new-onset congestive heart failure, significant arrhythmias, or severe valvular disease History of allergies or known hypersensitivity to melphalan or a component or material utilized within the HEPZATO KIT including natural rubber latex, heparin, and severe hypersensitivity to iodinated contrast not controlled by antihistamines and steroids ( 4 )

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary Based on animal studies and its mechanism of action, melphalan can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman, including teratogenicity and/or embryo-fetal lethality [see Clinical Pharmacology ( 12.1 ) ]. Melphalan is a genotoxic drug and can cause chromatid or chromosome damage in humans [see Nonclinical Toxicology ( 13.1 ) ]. In animal studies, melphalan was embryolethal and teratogenic in rats at doses below the recommended clinical doses [see Data ]. Advise a pregnant woman of the potential risk to a fetus. The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated populations are unknown. However, the background risk in the United States general population of major birth defects is 2% to 4% and of miscarriage is 15% to 20% of clinically recognized pregnancies. Data Animal Data Adequate animal studies have not been conducted with IV melphalan. Melphalan was embryolethal and teratogenic in rats following oral administration of 6 to 18 mg/m 2 /day for ten (10) days (0.05 to 0.16 times the recommended clinical dose of 3 mg/kg or 111 mg/m 2 /day) and intraperitoneal administration of 18 mg/m 2 (0.16 times the highest recommended clinical dose). Malformations resulting from melphalan administration included alterations of the brain (underdevelopment, deformation, meningocele, and encephalocele) and eye (anophthalmia and microphthalmos), reduction of the mandible and tail, and hepatocele (exomphaly).

How Supplied

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING How Supplied The HEPZATO KIT includes the HEPZATO 5 x 5 Drug Pack and the Hepatic Delivery System (HDS). Each 5 x 5 HEPZATO KIT Drug Pack includes HEPZATO (melphalan) and diluents for reconstitution and dilution: Each vial of HEPZATO contains 50 mg melphalan for injection supplied as a sterile, nonpyrogenic, freeze-dried cake/powder in a carton containing 5 single-dose, glass vials (NDC 75833-800-01). Each vial of sterile diluent contains sodium citrate 0.2 g, propylene glycol 6.0 mL, ethanol (96%) 0.52 mL, and water for injection to a total of 10 mL in a carton containing 5 single-dose, glass vials for reconstitution (NDC 75833-700-01). Each of two 250 mL plastic containers of 0.9% sodium chloride injection USP (NDC 0264-7800-20). HEPZATO (melphalan) for injection must only be administered with the HDS device supplied with the HEPZATO KIT and components specified by Delcath Systems, Inc, in the IFU [see Dosage and Administration ( 3 )]. Storage and Handling HEPZATO for injection and its associated diluents including 0.9% sodium chloride must be stored at controlled room temperature 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F). Temperature excursions are permitted between 15°C- 30°C (59°F-86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]. The Hepatic Delivery System components may be stored at room temperature. Melphalan is a hazardous drug. Follow applicable special handling and disposal procedures. 1 HEPZATO is light sensitive. Retain in original carton until use. HEPZATO (melphalan) for injection Manufactured for: Delcath Systems, Inc. Queensbury, NY 12804 by Mylan Institutional LLC Made in Italy HEPZATO KIT (melphalan for Injection/Hepatic Delivery System) Packaged and Distributed by: Delcath Systems, Inc. Queensbury, NY 12804

About This Information

This drug information is sourced from FDA-approved labeling via the openFDA database. It is intended for educational and reference purposes only. This is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before making decisions about medication. Drug information may be updated by the FDA; check with your pharmacist for the most current information.

What are side effects?

Side effects are unwanted reactions that can occur when taking a medication. They range from mild (headache, nausea) to severe (allergic reactions, organ damage). Not everyone experiences side effects, and severity varies. Report any concerning side effects to your doctor.

What are drug interactions?

Drug interactions occur when a medication is affected by another drug, food, or supplement. Interactions can make medications less effective or cause dangerous side effects. Always tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you take.