Lysine Acetate, Leucine, Phenylalanine, Valine, Isoleucine, Methionine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Alanine, Arginine, Glycine, Histidine, Proline, Glutamic Acid, Serine, Aspartic Acid, And Tyrosine

Description

DESCRIPTION Plenamine™ 15% Amino Acids Injection in a Pharmacy Bulk Package is a sterile, clear, nonpyrogenic solution of essential and nonessential amino acids for intravenous infusion in parenteral nutrition following appropriate dilution. Plenamine™ 15% in a Pharmacy Bulk Package is not for direct infusion. It is a sterile dosage form which contains several single doses for use in a pharmacy admixture program in the preparation of intravenous parenteral fluids. Each 100 mL contains: Essential Amino Acids Lysine (from Lysine Acetate, USP) 1.18 g Leucine, USP 1.04 g Phenylalanine, USP 1.04 g Valine, USP 960 mg Isoleucine, USP 749 mg Methionine, USP 749 mg Threonine, USP 749 mg Tryptophan, USP 250 mg Nonessential Amino Acids Alanine, USP 2.17 g Arginine, USP 1.47 g Glycine, USP 1.04 g Histidine, USP 894 mg Proline, USP 894 mg Glutamic Acid 749 mg Serine, USP 592 mg Aspartic Acid, USP 434 mg Tyrosine, USP 39 mg Water for Injection, USP qs Essential Amino Acids 6.7 g Nonessential Amino Acids 8.3 g Total Amino Acids 15.0 g Total Nitrogen 2.37 g Acetate Acetate from Lysine Acetate, USP and acetic acid used for pH adjustment. 147.4 mEq/L Osmolarity (calculated) 1378 mOsmol/L pH 5.6 (5.2–6.0) The formulas for the individual amino acids are as follows: Essential Amino Acids Lysine Acetate H 2 N(CH 2 ) 4 CH(NH 2 )COOH

What Is Lysine Acetate, Leucine, Phenylalanine, Valine, Isoleucine, Methionine, Threonine, Tryptophan, Alanine, Arginine, Glycine, Histidine, Proline, Glutamic Acid, Serine, Aspartic Acid, And Tyrosine Used For?

INDICATIONS AND USAGE Plenamine™ 15% is indicated as an amino acid (nitrogen) source in parenteral nutrition regimens. This use is appropriate when the enteral route is inadvisable, inadequate or not possible, as when: — Gastrointestinal absorption is impaired by obstruction, inflammatory disease or its complications, or antineoplastic therapy; — Bowel rest is needed because of gastrointestinal surgery or its complications such as ileus, fistulae or anastomotic leaks; — Tube feeding methods alone cannot provide adequate nutrition.

Dosage and Administration

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION The appropriate daily dose of amino acids to be used with dextrose or with dextrose and intravenous fat emulsion will depend upon the metabolic status and clinical response of the patient as therapy proceeds. Doses which achieve nitrogen equilibrium or positive balance are the most desirable. The dosage on the first day should be approximately half the anticipated optimal dosage and should be increased gradually to minimize glycosuria; similarly, withdrawal should be accomplished gradually to avoid rebound hypoglycemia. Fat emulsion coadministration should be considered when prolonged (more than 5 days) parenteral nutrition is required in order to prevent essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD). Serum lipids should be monitored for evidence of EFAD in patients maintained on fat free TPN. The amount administered is dosed on the basis of amino acids/kg of body weight/day. In general, two to three g/kg of body weight for neonates and infants with adequate calories are sufficient to satisfy protein needs and promote positive nitrogen balance. In pediatric patients, the final solution should not exceed twice normal serum osmolarity (718 mOsmol/L). DIRECTIONS FOR PROPER USE OF PHARMACY BULK PACKAGE Plenamine™ 15% in a Pharmacy Bulk Package is not intended for direct infusion. The container closure may be penetrated only once using a suitable unvented sterile transfer device or dispensing set which allows measured dispensing of the contents. The Pharmacy Bulk Package is to be used only in a suitable work area such as a laminar flow hood (or an equivalent clean air compounding area). Once the closure is penetrated, the contents should be dispensed as soon as possible; the transfer of contents must be completed within 4 hours of closure entry. The bag may be stored at room temperature (25°C) after the closure has been entered. When using Plenamine™ 15% in patients with a need for fluid volume restriction, it can be diluted as follows: Volume Amount Final Concentration Plenamine™ 15% 500 mL 75 g 7.5% Dextrose 70% 250 mL 175 g 17.5% Intralipid® 20% 250 mL 50 g 5.0% This will provide 1395 kilocalories (kcal) per 1000 mL of admixture with a ratio of 118 non-protein calories per gram of nitrogen and an osmolarity of 1559 mOsmol/L. In patients where the need for fluid restriction is not so marked, either of the following regimens may be used dependent upon the energy needs of the patient. Volume Amount Final Concentration Plenamine™ 15% 500 mL 75 g 3.75% Dextrose 50% 1000 mL 500 g 25% Intralipid® 20% 500 mL 100 g 5% This will provide 1500 kcal per 1000 mL of admixture with a ratio of 228 non-protein calories per gram of nitrogen and an osmolarity of 1631 mOsmol/L. Volume Amount Final Concentration Plenamine™ 15% 500 mL 75 g 3.75% Dextrose 30% 1000 mL 300 g 15% Intralipid® 10% 500 mL 50 g 2.5% This will provide 935 kcal per 1000 mL of admixture with a ratio of 158 non-protein calories per gram of nitrogen and an osmolarity of 1126...

Side Effects (Adverse Reactions)

ADVERSE REACTIONS (See WARNINGS , PRECAUTIONS and Special Precautions for Central Infusion .)

Contraindications

CONTRAINDICATIONS This solution should not be used in patients in hepatic coma, severe renal failure, metabolic disorders involving impaired nitrogen utilization or hypersensitivity to one or more amino acids.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

D. Pregnancy Category C Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with Plenamine™ 15%. It is also not known whether Plenamine™ 15% can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. Plenamine™ 15% should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

E. Nursing Mothers Caution should be exercised when Plenamine™ 15% is administered to a nursing woman. G. Special Precautions for Central Infusion TPN delivered by indwelling catheter through a central or large peripheral vein is a special technique requiring a team effort by physician, nurse and pharmacist. The responsibility for administering this therapy should be confined to those trained in the procedures and alert to signs of complications. Complications known to occur from the placement of central venous catheter are pneumothorax, hemothorax, hydrothorax, artery puncture and transection, injury to the brachial plexus, malposition of the catheter, formation of arteriovenous fistula, phlebitis, thrombosis, and air/catheter emboli. The risk of sepsis is present during intravenous therapy, especially when using central venous catheters for prolonged periods. It is imperative that the preparation of admixtures and the placement and care of the catheters be accomplished under controlled aseptic conditions.

Overdosage

OVERDOSAGE In the event of overhydration or solute overload, re-evaluate the patient and institute appropriate corrective measures. (See WARNINGS and PRECAUTIONS .)

How Supplied

HOW SUPPLIED Plenamine™ 15% Amino Acids Injection is supplied sterile and nonpyrogenic in flexible plastic bags, Pharmacy Bulk Packages, 1000 mL packaged 8 per case and 2000 mL packaged 4 per case. NDC REF Size 0264-4500-05 S4505 2000 mL 0264-4500-00 S4500 1000 mL Not made with natural rubber latex, DEHP or PVC. Storage Store in the closed corrugated case; do not expose solution to light until ready for use. Do not remove container from overwrap until ready to use. Do not use if overwrap has been opened or damaged. Exposure of pharmaceutical products to heat should be minimized. Avoid excessive heat. It is recommended that the product be stored at 20 to 25°C (68 to 77°F). [See USP Controlled Room Temperature.] Brief exposure to temperatures above 25°C during transport and storage will not adversely affect the product. Solution that has been frozen must not be used.