Ecallantide

FDA Drug Information • Also known as: Kalbitor

Brand Names: Kalbitor
Drug Class: Plasma Kallikrein Inhibitor [EPC]
Route: SUBCUTANEOUS
Dosage Form: INJECTION, SOLUTION
Product Type: HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG

⚠ Boxed Warning (Black Box)

WARNING: ANAPHYLAXIS Anaphylaxis has been reported after administration of KALBITOR. Because of the risk of anaphylaxis, KALBITOR should only be administered by a healthcare professional with appropriate medical support to manage anaphylaxis and hereditary angioedema. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the similarity of symptoms between hypersensitivity reactions and hereditary angioedema and patients should be monitored closely. Do not administer KALBITOR to patients with known clinical hypersensitivity to KALBITOR. [ see Contraindications (4) , Warnings and Precautions (5.1) , and Adverse Reactions (6) ] WARNING: ANAPHYLAXIS See full prescribing information for complete boxed warning Anaphylaxis has been reported after administration of KALBITOR ® . Because of the risk of anaphylaxis, KALBITOR should only be administered by a healthcare professional with appropriate medical support to manage anaphylaxis and hereditary angioedema. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the similarity of symptoms between hypersensitivity reactions and hereditary angioedema and patients should be monitored closely. Do not administer KALBITOR to patients with known clinical hypersensitivity to KALBITOR [ see Contraindications (4) , Warnings and Precautions (5.1) , and Adverse Reactions (6) ].

Description

11 DESCRIPTION KALBITOR (ecallantide) is a human plasma kallikrein inhibitor for injection for subcutaneous use. Ecallantide is a 60-amino-acid protein produced in Pichia pastoris yeast cells by recombinant DNA technology. KALBITOR is a clear and colorless, sterile, and nonpyrogenic solution. Each vial contains 10 mg ecallantide as the active ingredient, and the following inactive ingredients: 0.76 mg disodium hydrogen orthophosphate (dihydrate), 0.2 mg monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 mg potassium chloride, and 8 mg sodium chloride in water for injection, USP. KALBITOR is preservative free, with a pH of approximately 7.0. A 30 mg dose is supplied as 3 vials each containing 1 mL of 10 mg/mL KALBITOR. Vials are intended for single use.

What Is Ecallantide Used For?

1 INDICATIONS AND USAGE KALBITOR ® (ecallantide) is indicated for treatment of acute attacks of hereditary angioedema (HAE) in patients 12 years of age and older. KALBITOR is a plasma kallikrein inhibitor indicated for treatment of acute attacks of hereditary angioedema (HAE) in patients 12 years of age and older. ( 1 )

Dosage and Administration

2 DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION 30 mg (3 mL), administered subcutaneously in three 10 mg (1 mL) injections. If an attack persists, an additional dose of 30 mg may be administered within a 24 hour period. ( 2.1 ) KALBITOR should only be administered by a healthcare professional with appropriate medical support to manage anaphylaxis and hereditary angioedema. ( 2.2 ). 2.1 Recommended Dosing The recommended dose of KALBITOR is 30 mg (3 mL), administered subcutaneously in three 10 mg (1 mL) injections. If the attack persists, an additional dose of 30 mg may be administered within a 24 hour period. 2.2 Administration Instructions KALBITOR should only be administered by a healthcare professional with appropriate medical support to manage anaphylaxis and hereditary angioedema. KALBITOR should be refrigerated and protected from the light. KALBITOR is a clear, colorless liquid; visually inspect each vial for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration. If there is particulate matter or discoloration, the vial should not be used. Using aseptic technique, withdraw 1 mL (10 mg) of KALBITOR from the vial using a large bore needle. Change the needle on the syringe to a needle suitable for subcutaneous injection. The recommended needle size is 27 gauge. Inject KALBITOR into the skin of the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm. Repeat the procedure for each of the 3 vials comprising the KALBITOR dose. The injection site for each of the injections may be in the same or in different anatomic locations (abdomen, thigh, upper arm). There is no need for site rotation. Injection sites should be separated by at least 2 inches (5 cm) and away from the anatomical site of attack. The same instructions apply to an additional dose administered within 24 hours. Different injection sites or the same anatomical location (as used for the first administration) may be used.

Side Effects (Adverse Reactions)

6 ADVERSE REACTIONS Hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, have occurred in patients treated with KALBITOR [ see Contraindications (4) and Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ]. The most common adverse reactions occurring in ≥3% of KALBITOR-treated patients and greater than placebo are headache, nausea, diarrhea, pyrexia, injection site reactions, and nasopharyngitis. ( 6 ) To report SUSPECTED ADVERSE REACTIONS, contact Takeda Pharmaceuticals U.S.A., Inc. at 1-877-TAKEDA-7 (1-877-825-3327) or FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 or www.fda.gov/medwatch. 6.1 Clinical Trials Experience Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. The safety data described below reflect exposure to KALBITOR in 255 patients with HAE treated with either intravenous or subcutaneous KALBITOR. Of the 255 patients, 66% of patients were female and 86% were Caucasian. Patients treated with KALBITOR were between the ages of 10 and 78 years. Overall, the most common adverse reactions in 255 patients with HAE were headache (16%), nausea (13%), fatigue (12%), diarrhea (11%), upper respiratory tract infection (8%), injection site reactions (7%), nasopharyngitis (6%), vomiting (6%), pruritus (5%), upper abdominal pain (5%), and pyrexia (5%). Anaphylaxis was reported in 4% of patients with HAE. Injection site reactions were characterized by local pruritus, erythema, pain, irritation, urticaria, and/or bruising. The incidence of adverse reactions below is based upon 2 placebo-controlled, clinical trials (EDEMA3 ® and EDEMA4) in a total of 143 unique patients with HAE. Patients were treated with KALBITOR 30 mg subcutaneous or placebo. Patients were permitted to participate sequentially in both placebo-controlled trials; safety data collected during exposure to KALBITOR was attributed to treatment with KALBITOR, and safety data collected during exposure to placebo was attributed to treatment with placebo. Table 1 shows adverse reactions occurring in ≥3% of KALBITOR-treated patients that also occurred at a higher rate than in the placebo-treated patients in the two controlled trials (EDEMA3 and EDEMA4) of the 30 mg subcutaneous dose. Table 1: Adverse Reactions Occurring at ≥3% and Higher than Placebo in 2 Placebo Controlled Clinical Trials in Patients with HAE Treated with KALBITOR KALBITOR N=100 Placebo N=81 Adverse Reactions n (%) Patients experiencing more than 1 event with the same preferred term are counted only once for that preferred term. n (%) Headache 8 (8%) 6 (7%) Nausea 5 (5%) 1 (1%) Diarrhea 4 (4%) 3 (4%) Pyrexia 4 (4%) 0 Injection site reactions 3 (3%) 1 (1%) Nasopharyngitis 3 (3%) 0 Some patients in EDEMA3 and EDEMA4 received a second, open-label 30 mg subcutaneous dose of KALBITOR within 24 hours following the initial dose. Adverse reactions reported by these patients who received the additional 30 mg subcutaneous dose of KALBITOR were consistent with those reported in the patients receiving a single dose. 6.2 Immunogenicity In the KALBITOR HAE program, patients developed antibodies to KALBITOR. Rates of seroconversion increased with exposure to KALBITOR over time. Overall, 20.2% of patients seroconverted to anti-ecallantide antibodies. Neutralizing antibodies to ecallantide were determined in vitro to be present in 8.8% of patients and were not associated with loss of efficacy. Anti-ecallantide IgE antibodies were detected at a rate of 4.7% for tested patients, and anti- P. pastoris IgE antibodies were also detected at a rate of 20.2%. Patients who seroconvert may be at a higher risk of a hypersensitivity reaction. The long-term effects of antibodies to KALBITOR are not known. The test results for the ecallantide program were determined using one of two assay formats: ELISA and bridging electrochemiluminescence (ECL). As with all...

Drug Interactions

7 DRUG INTERACTIONS No formal drug interactions studies were performed. No in vitro metabolism studies were performed.

Contraindications

4 CONTRAINDICATIONS Do not administer KALBITOR to a patient who has known clinical hypersensitivity to KALBITOR. [ see Warnings and Precautions (5.1) ]. Do not administer KALBITOR to a patient who has known clinical hypersensitivity to KALBITOR. ( 4 )

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

8.1 Pregnancy Risk Summary The available data from the pharmacovigilance database for KALBITOR have not identified a drug-associated risk of major birth defects, miscarriage or adverse maternal or fetal outcomes. In an animal reproduction study, increased early fetal deaths resulting in decreased live fetuses were observed in rats following treatment during the period of organogenesis at an intravenous dose approximately 1.6 times the maximum recommended human dose (MRHD) in the presence of maternal toxicity. There were no effects on embryofetal survival or structural abnormalities in rats and rabbits following treatment during the period of organogenesis with intravenous doses up to approximately 1.1 and 6 times the MRHD, respectively, or rats treated with subcutaneous doses up to 2.4 times the MRHD. In a pre- and post-natal development study with rats, there were no effects on pup survival and development with subcutaneous doses up to approximately 2.7 times the MRHD. The estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. All pregnancies have a background risk of birth defect, loss, or other adverse outcomes. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2% to 4% and 15% to 20%, respectively. Data Animal Data In an embryofetal development study with rats, ecallantide administered by the intravenous route during the period of organogenesis from gestation days 7 to 17 at a dose approximately 1.6 times the MRHD (on a mg/m 2 basis at a maternal intravenous dose of 15 mg/kg/day) caused increased numbers of early resorptions and percentages of resorbed conceptuses per litter resulting in decreased numbers of live fetuses in the presence of mild maternal toxicity. No effects on embryofetal survival or structural abnormalities were observed in rats with intravenous doses up to approximately 1.1 times the MRHD (on a mg/m 2...

Overdosage

10 OVERDOSAGE There have been no reports of overdose with KALBITOR. HAE patients have received single doses up to 90 mg intravenously without evidence of dose-related toxicity.

How Supplied

16 HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING KALBITOR (ecallantide) is supplied as three 10 mg/mL single-dose vials packaged in a carton. Each vial contains 10 mg of ecallantide. Each vial contains a slight overfill. NDC (47783-101-01): 3 single-dose vials in 1 carton KALBITOR should be kept refrigerated (2°C to 8°C/36°F to 46°F). Vials removed from refrigeration should be stored below 86°F/30°C and used within 14 days or returned to refrigeration until use. Protect vials from light until use. Do not use beyond the expiration date.

About This Information

This drug information is sourced from FDA-approved labeling via the openFDA database. It is intended for educational and reference purposes only. This is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before making decisions about medication. Drug information may be updated by the FDA; check with your pharmacist for the most current information.

What are side effects?

Side effects are unwanted reactions that can occur when taking a medication. They range from mild (headache, nausea) to severe (allergic reactions, organ damage). Not everyone experiences side effects, and severity varies. Report any concerning side effects to your doctor.

What are drug interactions?

Drug interactions occur when a medication is affected by another drug, food, or supplement. Interactions can make medications less effective or cause dangerous side effects. Always tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you take.