Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride And Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
FDA Drug Information • Also known as: Cyclomydril
- Brand Names
- Cyclomydril
- Route
- OPHTHALMIC
- Dosage Form
- SOLUTION/ DROPS
- Product Type
- HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Description
DESCRIPTION CYCLOMYDRIL ® (cyclopentolate hydrochloride and phenylephrine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) is a mydriatic prepared as a sterile topical ophthalmic solution. The active ingredients are represented by the chemical structures: Established Name: Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride Chemical Name: 2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl 1 - hydroxy-α-phenylcyclopentaneacetate hydrochloride) Molecular Formula: C 17 H 25 NO 3
What Is Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride And Phenylephrine Hydrochloride Used For?
INDICATIONS AND USAGE For the production of mydriasis.
Dosage and Administration
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION Instill one drop in each eye every five to ten minutes. To minimize systemic absorption, apply pressure over the nasolacrimal sac for two to three minutes following instillation. Observe infants closely for at least 30 minutes.
Side Effects (Adverse Reactions)
ADVERSE REACTIONS Ocular The following ocular adverse experiences have been associated with the use of CYCLOMYDRIL ® (cyclopentolate hydrochloride and phenylephrine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution): increased intraocular pressure, burning/irritation upon instillation, photophobia, blurred vision and superficial punctate keratitis. Nonocular Use of cyclopentolate hydrochloride has been associated with psychotic reactions and behavioral disturbances in children. These disturbances include ataxia, incoherent speech, restlessness, hallucinations, hyperactivity, seizures, disorientation as to time and place. This drug produces reactions similar to those of other adrenergic and anticholinergic drugs; however, the central nervous system manifestations as noted above are most common. Other manifestations of adrenergic and anticholinergic topical ophthalmic drugs include tachycardia, hyperpyrexia, hypertension, vasodilation, urinary retention, diminished gastrointestinal motility, convulsion, bradycardia, apnea, necrotizing colitis and abdominal distention (in newborns and especially premature infants), skin rash, drowsiness, and decreased secretion in salivary and sweat glands, pharynx, bronchi and nasal passages. Severe manifestations of toxicity include coma, medullary paralysis and death. Systemic toxicity can result from topical application of sympathomimetic drugs: headache, blood pressure elevation, extrasystoles, tachycardia, syncope and cerebrovascular accidents have been reported.
Warnings and Precautions
WARNINGS FOR TOPICAL OPHTHALMIC USE ONLY. NOT FOR INJECTION. There have been reports of serious cardiovascular reactions, including ventricular arrhythmias and myocardial infarctions, in patients using higher concentrations of phenylephrine. These episodes, some fatal, have usually occurred in patients with pre-existing cardiovascular diseases. This preparation may cause central nervous system (CNS) disturbances. This is especially true in younger age groups, but may occur at any age, especially with the stronger solutions. Infants are especially prone to CNS and cardiopulmonary side effects from cyclopentolate.
Contraindications
CONTRAINDICATIONS Do not use in patients with hypersensitivity to any component of this preparation.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Pregnancy Animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with cyclopentolate hydrochloride and/or phenylephrine hydrochloride. It is also not known whether cyclopentolate hydrochloride and/or phenylephrine hydrochloride can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproduction capacity. CYCLOMYDRIL ® (cyclopentolate hydrochloride and phenylephrine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.
Nursing Mothers It is not known whether these drugs are excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when CYCLOMYDRIL ® (cyclopentolate hydrochloride and phenylephrine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) is administered to a nursing woman.
Overdosage
OVERDOSAGE Excessive dosage may produce behavioral disturbances, tachycardia, hyperpyrexia, hypertension, elevated intraocular pressure, vasodilation, urinary retention, diminished gastrointestinal motility and decreased secretion in salivary and sweat glands, pharynx, bronchi and nasal passages. Pulmonary oedema or cardiac arrest may occur due to phenylephrine toxicity. Severe intoxication is characterized by central nervous system depression, coma, circulatory and respiratory failure, and death. Patients exhibiting signs of overdosage should receive supportive care and monitoring.
How Supplied
HOW SUPPLIED CYCLOMYDRIL ® (cyclopentolate hydrochloride and phenylephrine hydrochloride ophthalmic solution) is supplied as a sterile solution in 2 mL and 5 mL, in plastic DROP-TAINER® dispensers. 2 mL NDC 0065-0359-02 5 mL NDC 0065-0359-05 Storage: Store at 8°C to 25°C (46°F - 77°F)
About This Information
This drug information is sourced from FDA-approved labeling via the openFDA database. It is intended for educational and reference purposes only. This is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before making decisions about medication. Drug information may be updated by the FDA; check with your pharmacist for the most current information.
What are side effects?
Side effects are unwanted reactions that can occur when taking a medication. They range from mild (headache, nausea) to severe (allergic reactions, organ damage). Not everyone experiences side effects, and severity varies. Report any concerning side effects to your doctor.
What are drug interactions?
Drug interactions occur when a medication is affected by another drug, food, or supplement. Interactions can make medications less effective or cause dangerous side effects. Always tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you take.