3% Sodium Chloride
FDA Drug Information • Also known as: 3% Sodium Chloride
- Brand Names
- 3% Sodium Chloride
- Route
- INTRAVENOUS
- Dosage Form
- INJECTION, SOLUTION
- Product Type
- HUMAN PRESCRIPTION DRUG
Description
DESCRIPTION: 3% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, hypertonic solution for fluid and electrolyte replenishment in single dose containers for intravenous administration. The pH may have been adjusted with hydrochloric acid. It contains no antimicrobial agents. Composition, ionic concentration, osmolarity, and pH are shown in Table 1 . Table 1. *Normal physiological osmolarity range is approximately 280 to 310 mOsmol/L. Size (mL) Composition (g/L) Ionic Concentration (mEq/L) *Osmolarity (mOsmol/L) (calc) pH Sodium Chloride, USP (NaCl) Sodium Chloride 3% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP 500 30 513 513 1,027 5.0 (4.5 to 7.0) The flexible container is fabricated from a specially formulated non-plasticized, film containing polypropylene and thermoplastic elastomers (free flex ® bag). The amount of water that can permeate from the container into the overwrap is insufficient to affect the solution significantly. Solutions in contact with the flexible container can leach out certain of the container's chemical components in very small amounts within the expiration period. The suitability of the container material has been confirmed by tests in animals according to USP biological tests for plastic containers.
What Is 3% Sodium Chloride Used For?
INDICATIONS AND USAGE: 3% Sodium Chloride Injection is indicated as a source of water and electrolytes.
Dosage and Administration
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION: As directed by a physician. Dosage, rate, and duration of administration are to be individualized and depend upon the indication for use, the patient's age, weight, clinical condition, concomitant treatment, and on the patient's clinical and laboratory response to treatment. Parenteral drug products should be inspected visually for particulate matter and discoloration prior to administration whenever solution and container permit. Use of a final filter is recommended during administration of all parenteral solutions, where possible. Do not administer unless solution is clear and seal is intact. All injections in flexible plastic containers are intended for intravenous administration using sterile and nonpyrogenic equipment. Additives may be incompatible. Complete information is not available. Those additives known to be incompatible should not be used. Consult with pharmacist, if available. If, in the informed judgment of the physician, it is deemed advisable to introduce additives, use aseptic technique. Mix thoroughly when additives have been introduced. Do not store solutions containing additives. After opening the container, the contents should be used immediately and should not be stored for a subsequent infusion. Do not reconnect any partially used containers. Discard any unused portion.
Side Effects (Adverse Reactions)
ADVERSE REACTIONS: Post-Marketing Adverse Reactions The following adverse reactions have not been reported with 3% Sodium Chloride Injection but may occur: hyperchloremia hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, hypersensitivity/infusion reactions, including hypotension, pyrexia, tremor, chills, urticaria, rash, and pruritus, Infusion site reactions, such as thrombosis, phlebitis, irritation, infusion site erythema, injection site streaking, burning sensation, infusion site urticaria. If an adverse reaction does occur, discontinue the infusion, evaluate the patient, institute appropriate therapeutic countermeasures, and save the remainder of the fluid for examination if deemed necessary.
Warnings and Precautions
WARNINGS: Hypersensitivity/infusion reactions, including hypotension, pyrexia, tremor, chills, urticaria, rash, and pruritus may occur with 3% Sodium Chloride Injection. Stop the infusion immediately if signs or symptoms of a hypersensitivity reaction develop, such as tachycardia, chest pain, dyspnea and flushing. Appropriate therapeutic countermeasures must be instituted as clinically indicated. Depending on the volume and rate of infusion, the intravenous administration of 3% Sodium Chloride Injection can cause fluid and/or solute overloading resulting in dilution of serum electrolyte concentrations, overhydration/hypervolemia, congested states, pulmonary edema, or acid-base imbalance. The risk of dilutive states is inversely proportional to the electrolyte concentration of the injection. The risk of solute overload causing congested states with peripheral and pulmonary edema is directly proportional to the electrolyte concentrations of the injection. Monitor changes in fluid balance, electrolyte concentrations, and acid base balance during prolonged parenteral therapy or whenever the condition of the patient or the rate of administration warrants such evaluation. Administer 3% Sodium Chloride Injection with particular caution to patients with or at risk for hypernatremia, hyperchloremia, hypervolemia or with conditions that may cause sodium retention, fluid overload and edema; such as patients with primary hyperaldosteronism, or secondary hyperaldosteronism (for example, associated with hypertension, congestive heart failure, liver disease (including cirrhosis), renal disease (including renal artery stenosis, nephrosclerosis) or pre-eclampsia). Certain medications may increase risk of sodium and fluid retention ( see Drug Interactions ). Administer 3% Sodium Chloride Injection with particular caution to patients with severe renal impairment. In such patients administration of Sodium Chloride Injection may result in sodium retention.
Drug Interactions
Drug Interactions Caution must be exercised in the administration of 3% Sodium Chloride Injection to patients treated with drugs that may increase the risk of sodium and fluid retention, such as corticosteroids. Caution is advised in patients treated with lithium. Renal sodium and lithium clearance may be increased during the administration of 3% Sodium Chloride Injection. Administration of 3% Sodium Chloride Injection may, therefore, result in decreased lithium levels.
Contraindications
CONTRAINDICATIONS: None known.
Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Pregnancy There are no adequate and well controlled studies with 3% Sodium Chloride Injection in pregnant women and animal reproduction studies have not been conducted with this drug. Therefore, it is not known whether 3% Sodium Chloride Injection can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. 3% Sodium Chloride Injection should be given during pregnancy only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risks to the fetus.
Nursing Mothers It is not known whether this drug is excreted present in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted present in human milk, caution should be exercised when 3% Sodium Chloride Injection is administered to a nursing woman.
Overdosage
OVERDOSAGE: Excessive administration of 3% Sodium Chloride Injection may lead to hypernatremia (which can lead to CNS manifestations, including seizures, coma, cerebral edema and death) and sodium overload (which can lead to central and/or peripheral edema). When assessing an overdose, any additives in the solution must also be considered. The effects of an overdose may require immediate medical attention and treatment.
How Supplied
HOW SUPPLIED: 3% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP in a single dose flexible plastic container, is available as follows: Product No. 1727170306 1727170306 Presentation Single-Dose Container Carton NDC # 17271-703-06 17271-703-06 Description 15 grams per 500 mL in a 500 mL bag (30 mg per mL) 20 Single-Dose Containers in 1 Carton Exposure of pharmaceutical products to heat should be minimized. Avoid excessive heat. Store at 20° to 25 °C ( 68° to 77 °F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature]; brief exposure up to 40°C/104°F does not adversely affect the product. The container closure is not made with natural rubber latex. Non-PVC, Non-DEHP, Sterile.
About This Information
This drug information is sourced from FDA-approved labeling via the openFDA database. It is intended for educational and reference purposes only. This is not medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider before making decisions about medication. Drug information may be updated by the FDA; check with your pharmacist for the most current information.
What are side effects?
Side effects are unwanted reactions that can occur when taking a medication. They range from mild (headache, nausea) to severe (allergic reactions, organ damage). Not everyone experiences side effects, and severity varies. Report any concerning side effects to your doctor.
What are drug interactions?
Drug interactions occur when a medication is affected by another drug, food, or supplement. Interactions can make medications less effective or cause dangerous side effects. Always tell your doctor about all medications and supplements you take.